Acceleration gradients in dielectric laser accelerators with triangular-shaped gratings

The study investigated transparent on-chip structures with a rectangular profile and triangular profiles with grating ridge base angles of $α= 36^\circ$, $30^\circ$, and $20^\circ$. Each triangular structure had both left- and right-handed profile orientations. For all variants, a modified version with a reflective gold coating was additionally considered. The maximum energy gains and accelerating gradients were determined and quantified for all structure classes: transparent and reflective (with both rectangular and triangular profiles).