Super-resolution AWGs based on the Moiré effect

Enhancing spectral resolution in a conventional arrayed waveguide grating AWG requires a longer differential optical path, which expands the device footprint and increases sensitivity to phase noise. To overcome this limitation, we propose an innovative approach that maintains the AWG layout and overall device size by leveraging the Moiré effect, generated by two gratings with slightly different pitches. We present the theoretical foundation for a super-resolution AWG and provide design guidelines to improve spectral resolution.