Unraveling the noise dynamics in photonic ‎crystal Fano lasers: A comprehensive ‎numerical study

We conduct a thorough analysis of the noise characteristics inherent to photonic crystal ‎Fano lasers (PhC-FL), specifically focusing on relative intensity noise (RIN) and ‎frequency noise (FN). Utilizing both small signal and statistical methodologies, our ‎findings reveal a significant discrepancy in noise levels between the cross-port and the ‎through-port of the laser, with the former exhibiting markedly lower noise ‎characteristics. Furthermore, our investigation demonstrates a notable trend: as the bias ‎current increases, a corresponding decrease in the RIN level is observed across both ‎ports. This intriguing relationship underscores the potential for optimizing performance ‎through bias current modulation. Additionally, we explore the relationship between ‎nanocavity quality factor (Q) and output power, discovering that an increase in Q leads ‎to enhanced output power and a subsequent reduction in RIN levels. A critical ‎component of our analysis focuses on the FN properties of the laser, where we ‎emphasize the pivotal role of the nanocavity quality factor as a key design parameter. ‎Specifically, we illustrate that higher Q values correspond to a narrower laser linewidth. ‎This occurs because an increased Q facilitates a longer photon dwelling time within the ‎nanocavity relative to the propagation time in the laser cavity, quantified at 2300 fs. ‎Finally, we present a comparative analysis of the linewidth achieved from both ports of ‎the PhC-FL against that of the Fabry-Perot (FP) laser. The excellent concordance of our ‎results with experimental findings documented in the existing literature further validates ‎the significance of our work. These outcomes highlight the potential of PhC-FL in ‎applications requiring low-noise and high-performance optical sources, providing ‎compelling evidence for future research and development in this domain.‎